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Cloning

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Clone troopers being cloned on Kamino.
"Clones can think creatively. You will find that they are immensely superior to droids."
―Lama Su[src]

Cloning was the process of creating a genetically identical or purposefully and specifically modified copy of an original organism.

Contents

[edit] Uses

Young clones of Jango Fett being educated in the Tipoca City Military Complex.
"What can you teach a clone in a few months that a man takes a lifetime to learn?"
―Emperor Palpatine to Darth Vader[src]

The Kaminoans of Kamino were renown as master cloners, and quite possibly their most notable achievement was the creation of the several million clone troopers from the DNA of bounty hunter Jango Fett that made up the Grand Army of the Republic, prior to and during the Clone Wars. Maintaining a vast facility within Tipoca City, the soldiers were grown within cloning chambers and trained at the city's Military Complex. The first prototypes of these clones, known as the Null-class Advanced Recon Commandos—numbering twelve in all—were the subject of the Kaminoan's attempts to enhance Fett's genome. While the clones would possess photographic memory and perfect recall, and substantially bulkier frames as adults, half of the twelve did not survive the gestation period and the six who did were deemed uncontrolable by their creators. Only due to the intervention of Cuy'val Dar sergeant Kal Skirata, were the clones spared from being reconditioned—a fate which in this case would mean death.[1] Noting their perceived failure, the Kaminoans would go on to create one hundred Alpha-class Advanced Recon Commandos who possessed the exact same genetic makeup as Fett without any modifications except age acceleration.

Adult clones eating a meal in the Tipoca City Military Complex.

The standard troopers, though, were altered in ways that made them more susceptible to obeying orders (supplemented with rigorous behavior modification to instill and ensure loyalty to the Republic), more generally docile than Fett, and grow at an accelerated rate. Although the exact rate at which clones aged is unknown, it appears to be nearly twice as fast a naturally born human and it is theorized that this rate increased as clones aged—especially under stress—leading to a dramatic shortening of the clones' life expectancy.[2] Despite these modifications, the clone troopers could still think and act creatively and possessed a level of individuality unexpected by their Kaminoan creators. By the second year of the Clone Wars, Supreme Chancellor Palpatine had established a secondary cloning facility in secret on Coruscant's moon, Centax-2.[2] Under the supervision of an unknown clonemaster, the facility was operated by Arkanian Microtechnologies and used Spaarti cloning cylinders to produce fully matured clones within a year. Meaning that the clones were deployed when only 1 years old and no training at all.[2][3]

Boba Fett was also cloned from Jango Fett by the Kaminoans as part of the bounty hunter's price for becoming the army's prime clone. Viewed and treated as a son by Jango, Boba was completely unaltered in any genetic way, making him an exact physical duplicate of his father. Despite receiving none of the modifications his clone trooper "brothers" possessed, he would still experience the degradation of his DNA later in life due to the fact that he was a clone.

At some point during the Clone Wars, Zeltron bounty hunter Vianna D'Pow commissioned a single clone of herself to be made by the Kaminoans.[4] The Kaminoans also taught the Polis Massans the secrets of their cloning techniques, which helped develop an advanced medical and genetic research station on Polis Massa.

The Galactic Senate would later issue Decree E49D139.41, confining all military-purpose cloning to specifically licensed Republic facilities and banned all non-military cloning of sentients with the exception of the medical cloning on Khomm, Lur, Columus, and Arkania, although even they required a license and a case-by-case evaluation. The ban also prohibited the sale of cloning equipment, the hiring of cloning or genetic engineers with the intention of cloning, and the purchase of any cloned sentients.[2]

Bok and the Morgukai Shadow Army

The Morgukai Shadow Army was made up of clones of the Morgukai Nikto, Bok. Grown on the Outer Rim world of Saleucami by the Confederacy of Independent Systems, presumably from Spaarti cylinders, these clones were trained by Anzati assassins to counter the Republic's clone army. They would never make it off-planet, however, as the facility was destroyed following the Siege of Saleucami.[5]

Under the Galactic Empire, the newly rechristened Imperial Army—specifically the Stormtrooper Corps—began to have clones made from several other genetic templates following a revolt on Kamino in which they unleashed a secret army of Fett clones trained to combat the Empire. Emperor Palpatine felt as though a group of genetically identical soldiers were too susceptible to corruption and thus the army became rapidly more diverse.[6] Among the new additions were clones of Emperor's Hand Sa Cuis, General Maximilian Veers, and later Baron Soontir Fel. By 9 BBY, the Stormtrooper Corps ceased using exclusively clone stormtroopers and they were joined in service by birth-born recruits and conscripts. Spaarti cylinders would remain the preferred method of cloning for the Empire even after Palpatine's death, and would be used by Grand Admiral Thrawn to create a new clone army on Wayland.

Aside from these forms of cloning, other methods were used across the galaxy. Some cultures fully embraced the possibilities of cloning, most notably the natives of Khomm, who engineered a clone society, entirely eliminating natural reproduction. Khommite clones from the Dorsk lineage were active in the New Jedi Order.

In 1 ABY, cloning technology was discovered in the Jedi Enclave on Dantooine. Similar to Spaarti cylinders in that they produced mature clones in a very short period of time, the cloning tanks were tended to completely by droids. The facility appeared to indiscriminately clone any being who entered it, collecting genetic material and even scanning the minds of those beings so that the clones could be implanted with memories. As a result, the clones were completely under the illusion that they were the individuals that they had been cloned from. The exact purpose behind this facility was not discovered. Darth Vader himself came to believe the technology found was what remained of research done by the ancient Jedi into cloning, however, it is unknown if there is any truth to this.[7]

The Yuuzhan Vong used a form of bio-engineered cloning to forge mutilated creatures and organic weapons for the war effort, including the Jedi-hunting voxyn, which were grown above Myrkr.

Palpatine as well made several clones of himself that his spirit possessed after he was killed on the second Death Star. Before that, his clones were ravaged by the dark side and not the nurturing power of the Force. Each clone would age and die more quickly than the last. It wasn't until his plunge into the Death Star core that he enters energy state and emerged into another body. Four years later, during the World Devastator crisis, Luke made attempts to destroy Palpatine's clones, but only one remained until destroyed at Pinnacle Base. But there was an auxiliary facility, which dark side adepts attempted to kill, again, leaving only one.

On Wayland, Joruus C'baoth cloned Luke Skywalker using the hand Luke had lost on Cloud City. The clone was named Luuke Skywalker and was armed with Anakin Skywalker's lightsaber.

Ysanne Isard also produced a clone through unknown measures. She did this in order to be able to supervise the Lusankya prisoners herself and to be able to continue her leadership over Thyferra. The characteristic "pressure" caused by having a clone grown too rapidly may have contributed to her declining mental stability during the waning days of the Bacta War.

[edit] Appearances

Kamino Clone Tanks.

[edit] Sources

[edit] Notes and references

  1. ↑ Republic Commando: Triple Zero
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Republic Commando: True Colors
  3. ↑ Order 66: A Republic Commando Novel
  4. ↑ One of a Kind (comic)
  5. ↑ Star Wars Republic: The Siege of Saleucami
  6. ↑ Star Wars: Battlefront II
  7. ↑ Galaxy of Fear: Clones

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